List of Publications

    Fedorov A, Jobke S, Bersnev V, Chibisova A, Chibisova Y, Gall C and Sabel BA Restoration of vision after optic nerve lesions with noninvasive transorbital alternating current stimulation: a clinical observational study Brain Stimul. 2011 Oct;4(4):189-201

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Fedorov A, Chibisova Y, Szymaszek A, Alexandrov M, Gall C, Sabel BA. Non-invasive alternating current stimulation induces recovery from stroke. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2010;28(6):825-33.

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    Fedorov A, AN Chibisova, JM Chibisova. Neuropeptide correction of vision loss caused optic nerve damage in case local and multifocal brain lesions. In the monography: Golovkin and Zhulyov Clinical and experimental aspects of neurogerentology. 2009, Sankt-Petersburg, P.98-128.

    Fedorov A, Bersnev VP, Chibisova AN, Chibisova JM Vision restoration for the patients with traumatic optic nerve damage by therapeutical electrical stimulation. Palliative medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 V.1 P.33-36

    Fedorov A, Chibisova AN, Tchibissova JM The rehabilitation for the patients with optic nerve lesion. The analysis of efficiency of therapeutic  electrical stimulation application // Vestnik Integrative Medicine. – Vol. 1 (14). – 2005. 8-21

    Fedorov A, Chibisova AN, Tchibissova JM Impulse modulating therapeutic electrical stimulation (IMTES) increases visual field size in patients with optic nerve lesions // International Congress Series. – 2005. – V. 1282. 525-9

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Fedorov A, GN. Bisaga, AN Chibisova, VI Golovkin The clinico-physiological substantiation of indications to therapeutic electrical stimulation method used for purpose the treatment optic nerve atrophy at multiple sclerosis. Int Medical J 1998. 11-12 P.967-70

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Bola M, Gall C, Moewes C, Fedorov A, Hinrichs H, Sabel BA. Brain functional connectivity network breakdown and restoration in blindness. Neurology. 2014 Aug 5;83(6):542-51

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Henrich-Noack P, Voigt N, Prilloff S, Fedorov A, Sabel BA. Transcorneal electrical stimulation alters morphology and survival of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve damage. Neurosci Lett. 2013 May 24;543:1-6.

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Henrich-Noack P, Lazik S, Sergeeva E, Wagner S, Voigt N, Prilloff S, Fedorov A, Sabel BA. Transcorneal alternating current stimulation after severe axon damage in rats results in “long-term silent survivor” neurons. Brain Res Bull. 2013 Jun;95:7-14

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Sergeeva EG, Fedorov A, Henrich-Noack P, Sabel BA. Transcorneal alternating current stimulation induces EEG “aftereffects” only in rats with an intact visual system but not after severe optic nerve damage. J Neurophysiol. 2012 Nov;108(9):2494-500

    BACKGROUND: Non-invasive current stimulation can induce neuroplastic changes in the normal brain, including visual system structures. Because it is not known if such plasticity is of clinical value, we wished to learn if vision restoration can be induced after optic nerve damage. METHODS: In an open-label, clinical observational study 446 patients with optic nerve lesions were treated with non-invasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). Current bursts (<1000 μA, 5-20 Hz) were applied to induce phosphenes for one or two 10-day stimulation periods. Efficacy was assessed by monocular measurements of visual acuity and visual field (VF) size. EEG recordings at rest (n = 68) were made before and after treatment and global power spectra changes were analyzed. RESULTS: rtACS improved VF size in the right and left eye by 7.1% and 9.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. VF enlargements were present in 40.4% of right and 49.5% of left eyes. Visual acuity (VA) significantly increased in both eyes (right = 0.02, left = 0.015; p < 0.001). A second 10-day course was conducted 6 months in a subset of 62 patients and resulted in additional significant improvements of VA. Analysis of EEG power spectra revealed that VA and VF improvements were associated with increased alpha power. Increased theta power was observed in patients with optic nerve damage that had only VF enlargements but no VA change. In contrast, non-responders had increased delta power spectra in frontal and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: rtACS leads to long-lasting improvements in VA and VF size and after-effects in EEG power spectra. Because physiological and clinical parameters are correlated we hypothesize that rtACS enhances plasticity by inducing synchronization in different cortical regions, but the precise mechanisms needs further clarification. These encouraging results require confirmation by controlled clinical trials.

    Sabel BA, Fedorov A, Naue N, Borrmann A, Herrmann C, Gall C. Non-invasive alternating current stimulation improves vision in optic nerve damage. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2011;29(6):493-505

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    Gall C, Sgorzaly S, Schmidt S, Brandt S, Fedorov A, Sabel BA. Noninvasive transorbital alternating current stimulation improves subjective visual functioning and vision-related quality of life in optic nerve damage. Brain Stimul. 2011 Oct;4(4):175-88. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2011.07.003. Epub 2011 Oct 6

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    Sabel BA, Henrich-Noack P, Fedorov A, Gall C. Vision restoration after brain and retina damage: the “residual vision activation theory”. Prog Brain Res. 2011;192:199-262

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    Gall C, Fedorov AB, Ernst L, Borrmann A, Sabel BA. Repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation in optic nerve damage. NeuroRehabilitation. 2010;27(4):335-41

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    Chibisova AN, Bersnev VP, Fedorov A, Chibisova JM Neurophysiologic mechanisms of restoration process for patients with optic nerve damage by the method of impulsive modulating electric influences. Kazan neurologic journal 2008 V.4. P. 678-68

    A Chibisova, A Fedorov, N Fedorov Neurophysiologic features of compensatory brain process at the rehabilitation of sensoneural disturbances of visual and hearing system. J Hum Physiol. 2001, V.3 14-21

    BACKGROUND: Recovery of post-stroke deficits can be achieved by modulating neuroplasticity with non-invasive brain stimulation. To evaluate potential effects of repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) on stroke recovery we carried out a randomized, drug-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients that had suffered ischemic stroke 21.4 months earlier were randomly assigned to either group D (n=30) receiving conventional drug therapy, group ACS (n=32) treated for 12 days with rtACS, or group D/ACS (n=36) receiving combined drug therapy/rtACS. Stroke severity level (SSL) was assessed by the NIH-NINDS stroke scale before and after treatment and at a 1-month follow-up to evaluate motor impairments (weakness, ataxia), sensory loss, visual field defects, and cortical deficits (aphasia, neglect). At each time point standard EEG recordings (10-20 system) were conducted. RESULTS: Before therapy SSL was moderate (9.18 ± 0.78) without significant group difference (F =0.86, p=0.43). After 12 days of treatment, SSLs of groups ACS and D/ACS significantly improved by 22.5% and 25.1% over baseline, respectively, with no such change in the control group D (+3%). SSL improvements were mainly due to recovery of motor, sensory, and speech functions. After 1-month follow-up, an additional improvement of 9.7% and 9.4% was seen for the group ACS and D/ACS which led to a total change of +32.3% and +34.7% over baseline. EEG recordings revealed greater interhemispheric synchrony between both temporal lobes which were positively correlated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive rtACS applied to post-stroke patients can modulate brain plasticity and induce recovery from neurological deficits long after the early post lesion recovery is over.

    AN Chibisova, Fedorov A, J.G.Chastova Neurophysiological aspects of compensatory processes at cerebrospinal fluid therapy of central vision alterations. J Hum Physiol. 1999. Т. 25. 3. P.41-7

    AS Kiselev, Fedorov A, YeM Tsirulnikov, AN Shandurina Comparative analysis of electrostimulation data and elecrtode localization in sensorineural hypoacusis // Journal Ear, Nose and Gullet Illness. 1995. V 4/5. P. 11-6

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